A Systems View Across Time and Space
Table 2 Regression results for the firm level determinants of employment growth.
From: What drives the dynamics of employment growth in firms? Evidence from East Africa
Variables | Model (1) | Model (2) | Model (3) | Model (4) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Firm specific factors | ||||
 Firm age | − 0.001*** (0.000) | − 0.000* (0.000) | − 0.001*** (0.000) | − 0.001*** (0.000) |
 ln age squared | − 0.029** (0.013) | − 0.029** (0.013) | − 0.022* (0.012) | − 0.028** (0.012) |
Size (small = base category) | ||||
 Medium | 0.026*** (0.008) |  |  |  |
 Large | 0.056*** (0.011) |  |  |  |
Ownership (domestic = base category) | ||||
 Foreign Ownership | 0.005 (0.010) | 0.009 (0.010) | 0.006 (0.010) | 0.005 (0.009) |
 Use website (1 = yes) | 0.003 (0.007) | 0.012* (0.007) | 0.002 (0.007) | 0.002 (0.007) |
 Innovation (1 = yes) | 0.009** (0.0034) | 0.010 (0.007) | 0.008 (0.007) | 0.009 (0.007) |
Business environment factors | ||||
 Access to finance (2 = No) | 0.020*** (0.007) | 0.014* (0.007) |  | 0.020*** (0.007) |
 Courts (1 = yes) | − 0.012* (0.007) | − 0.012* (0.007) | − 0.013* (0.007) | − 0.012 (0.007) |
 Competition (1 = yes) | 0.008 (0.007) | 0.005 (0.007) | 0.007 (0.007) | 0.008 (0.007) |
 Electricity (1 = yes) | − 0.015* (0.008) | − 0.016* (0.008) | − 0.016* (0.009) |  |
 Informal payments | − 0.001** (0.000) |  | − 0.001*** (0.000) | − 0.001** (0.000) |
 Business licensing (1 = yes) | 0.004 (0.007) | 0.003 (0.007) | 0.004 (0.008) | 0.004 (0.008) |
Entrepreneur specific factors | ||||
 Gender (1 = female) | − 0.017* (0.009) | − 0.020** (0.009) | − 0.017* (0.009) | − 0.017** (0.009) |
 Formal training (1 = yes) | − 0.010 (0.007) | − 0.006 (0.007) | − 0.012* (0.007) | − 0.010 (0.007) |
 Managerial experience | 0.014** (0.006) | 0.007 (0.008) | 0.004 (0.008) | 0.005 (0.008) |
Interactions | ||||
 Small X informal payments |  | − 0.002*** (0.001) |  |  |
 Medium X informal payments |  | − 0.001 (0.001) |  |  |
 Large X informal payments |  | 0.002 (0.003) |  |  |
 Small X access to finance |  |  | 0.000 (0.000) |  |
 Medium X access to finance |  |  | 0.021** (0.010) |  |
 Large X access to finance |  |  | 0.044*** (0.012) |  |
 Small X electricity obstacle |  |  |  | − 0.005 (0.011) |
 Medium X electricity obstacle |  |  |  | 0.018 (0.013) |
 Large X electricity obstacle |  |  |  | − 0.044*** (0.015) |
 Constant | 0.153*** (0.058) | 0.170*** (0.059) | 0.148*** (0.057) | 0.141** (0.056) |
 Country fixed effect | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Sector fixed effect | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 Observations | 1300 | 1300 | 1300 | 1300 |
 R2 | 0.068 | 0.049 | 0.066 | 0.070 |