Small business participation in the advanced technology program research alliances

Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 7 Knowledge creation/knowledge dissemination

Independent variable	Dependent variable
	Patents granted	Patents filed	Publications	Conferences
University	−0.5052 (0.2827)	−0.1155 (0.2561)	0.3613 (0.2625)	0.4097 (0.2539)
Adv. materials/chemistry	1.2549 (0.4705)^a	0.8995 (0.4181)^a	0.1638 (0.3972)	0.4156 (0.3754)
Biotechnology	1.0950 (0.4260)^a	0.8811 (0.3710)^a	0.5063 (0.3356)	0.3746 (0.3251)
Electronics	0.4677 (0.4547)	0.5634 (0.3917)	0.2916 (0.3487)	0.3161 (0.3277)
IT	−0.2327 (0.5143)	0.1223 (0.4132)	0.2431 (0.3549)	−0.0021 (0.3348)
Single applicant/subcontractor	0.6272 (0.3826)	0.0828 (0.3519)	−0.0157 (0.3459)	−0.3985 (0.3420)
JV member	−0.4371 (0.4972)	−1.2530 (0.4618)^a	−1.0128 (0.4228)^a	−1.7792 (0.4039)^a
JV lead	1.7124 (0.4523)^b	0.7471 (0.4287)^c	0.0005 (0.4275)	−0.2891 (0.4298)

N = 442 standard error shown in parenthesis; ^a denotes significance at the .01 level; ^b denotes significance at the .05 level; ^c denotes significance at the .10 level; All variables are binary (yes/no).