Sex differences in entrepreneurs’ business growth intentions: an identity approach

Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 1 Means, standard deviations, and intercorrelations among variables

Variable	M	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
1. Sex^a	1.50	0.50	1.00
2. Age	44.83	8.37	−0.13**	1.00
3. Education level^b	2.60	0.84	0.04	−0.23**	1.00
4. Internal locus of control	5.38	0.87	−0.03	0.00	0.07	1.00
5. Perceived behavioral control	4.97	1.29	−0.10*	0.03	0.05	0.33**	1.00
6. Years of firm operation	13.67	9.09	−0.15**	0.48**	−0.18**	0.01	0.01	1.00
7. Number of employees	9.15	47.73	−0.08*	0.02	0.14**	0.07	0.02	0.01	1.00
8. Firm performance	5.02	1.02	−0.06	−0.02	0.09	0.37**	0.33**	0.09*	0.09*	1.00
9. Masculinity	4.91	1.07	−0.14**	0.01	0.15**	0.41**	0.21**	−0.01	0.10*	0.32**	1.00
10. Femininity	5.52	0.90	0.18**	−0.06	−0.02	0.24**	0.07	−0.04	−0.04	0.13**	0.21**	1.00
11. Independent self-construal	5.18	0.84	0.06	−0.01	0.02	0.35**	0.11**	−0.03	0.03	0.13**	0.44**	0.26**	1.00
12. Interdependent self-construal	5.36	0.88	0.04	0.04	−0.05	0.10**	0.15**	0.02	0.00	0.10**	0.03	0.38**	0.34**	1.00
13. Business growth intention	5.33	1.45	0.00	−0.06	0.02	0.28**	0.36**	−0.10*	0.07	0.17**	0.24**	0.19**	0.20**	0.16**	1.00

N = 572
^aSex is coded such that 1 = male and 2 = female
^bEducation level: 1 = primary education, 2 = secondary education, 3 = university/college, 4 = M.Sc/Phd
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 (two-tailed tests)