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A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 1 Main differences across the Tel-Aviv, São Paulo, and New York startup ecosystems

From: A maturity model for software startup ecosystems

 

Tel-Aviv

São Paulo

New York

Country size

Very small

Continental

Continental

Country independence years

68

194

240

% GDP to R&D

4.2%Footnote 5

1.61%Footnote 6

2.7%Footnote 7

Ranking position (2012/2015/2017)Footnote 8

2/5/6

13/12/–

5/2/2

Metropolitan GDP (Billion US$)

132

431

1,558

Startups

3.1k–4.2k

1.5k–2.7k

7.1k–9.6k

Startup density

0.85–1.15

0.05–0.15

0.35–0.5

Market foreign customers

74%

18%

35%

Startups with tech founders

100%

81%

100%

Ecosystem maturity level

Self-sustainable

Evolving

Self-sustainable