Table 2 Innovation and labour productivity

 Innovation 1

0.181

(0.445)

0.026

(0.917)

0.181

(0.445)

− 0.345

(0.163)

 Innovation_2

− 0.258

(0.292)

0.190

(0.456)

− 0.258

(0.292)

− 0.711***

(0.006)

 Innovation_3

0.217

(0.309)

0.405^*

(0.069)

0.217

(0.309)

− 0.482**

(0.030)

 Innovation_4

0.641***

(0.001)

0.968***

(0.000)

0.641***

(0.001)

− 0.040

(0.845)

Firm age

0.056**

(0.011)

− 0.004

(0.854)

0.056**

(0.011)

− 0.020

(0.375)

Firm age squared

− 0.880**

(0.029)

0.201

(0.631)

− 0.880**

(0.030)

1.111***

(0.007)

Manager’s years’ experience

0.007

(0.506)

0.049***

(0.000)

0.007

(0.506)

0.005

(0.633)

Certification (1 = yes)

0.077

(0.710)

− 0.424*

(0.050)

0.077

(0.710)

− 0.502**

(0.021)

Exporter (1 = yes)

0.703**

(0.019)

1.460***

(0.000)

0.703**

(0.019)

1.301***

(0.000)

Use ICT (1 = yes)

1.534***

(0.000)

1.315***

(0.000)

1.534***

(0.000)

1.496***

(0.000)

Gender (1 = yes)

0.150

(0.364)

− 0.208

(0.228)

0.150

(0.364)

0.033

(0.849)

Tax rate burden (1 = yes)

− 0.553***

(0.000)

− 0.619***

(0.000)

− 0.553***

(0.000)

− 0.762***

(0.000)

Transport burden (1 = yes)

− 0.202

(0.172)

− 0.217

(0.159)

− 0.202

(0.172)

0.619***

(0.000)

Land access (1 = yes)

− 0.084

(0.566)

− 0.022

(0.885)

− 0.084

(0.566)

− 0.096

(0.533)

Corruption (1 = yes)

0.102

(0.513)

− 0.083

(0.606)

0.102

(0.513)

− 0.621***

(0.000)

Labour education (1 = yes)

− 0.283*

(0.075)

− 0.073

(0.659)

− 0.283*

(0.075)

− 0.493***

(0.003)

Electricity burden (1 = yes)

− 0.0641

(0.649)

0.033

(0.822)

− 0.064

(0.649)

− 0.023

(0.874)

Credit access (1 = yes)

0.320**

(0.041)

− 0.169

(0.302)

0.320**

(0.042)

0.467***

(0.005)

Sectoral fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Regional fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Constant

15.350***

(0.000)

15.340***

(0.000)

15.350***

(0.000)

17.940***

(0.000)

Observations

347

347

347

347

R ²

0.138

0.118

0.138

0.161