Table 1 Institutional orders in the Triple Helix model
From: Changing economic systems and institutional dimensions of the Triple Helix model
Stages of development | Major Triple Helix activities | Favorable institutional logics (market, industry, firms, professions) |
|---|---|---|
Stage 1 | Realizing the importance of entering a reciprocal relationship between university, industry, and government | ● Shared beliefs on knowledge as a key to economic growth (logics of economic growth in the field of government and industry) |
Realization of the needs | ||
Stage 2 | Taking the role of the other | ● Market-oriented organizational cultures (logics of market at the state level) |
Intra-organizational transformation | ||
● Process-oriented management culture in technology innovation (logics of knowledge management in the fields of industry and academia) | ||
Stage 3 | Growing and innovating through cooperation with others | ● Effective protection for intellectual property rights and market participants (logics of intellectual property at the field of industry) |
Interactions between organizations in the three sectors | Generating hybrid organization | |
● Civil society (logics of civil society at the state level) | ||
Stage 4 | Feedback loops between policy-makers and participants | ● Competitive market environment (logics of competition in the field of university) |
Institutionalization of the Triple Helix model | Institutionalized norms of “entrepreneurial university,” “knowledge-based formation and growth,” and “innovation state” (Etzkowitz 2008) | ● Democratic policymaking process (logics of democracy in the field of government) |