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A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 2 Inspirations and areas of application in chronological order

From: From innovation-as-usual towards unusual innovation: using nature as an inspiration

Application

Author(s)

Biological inspiration

Disciplinary origin

Artificial surfaces

Barthlott and Neinhuis (1997)

Natural system for delivering a periodic pulsed spray

Engineering sciences

Anti-viral software

Rice and Martin (2007)

Biological models

Information systems

Gas turbine igniters (aerospace)

Beheshti and Mcintosch (2007)

Natural system to deliver a periodic pulsed spray

Engineering sciences

Artificial molecules (biomedical applications)

Jang, Selim, Lee, and Kang (2008)

Biological agents

Chemistry

A problem-solving methodology for interior architecture

El-Zeiny (2012)

Biomimicry

Architecture

Optimization of fluid transportation

Kim and Busch (2012)

Natural drinking strategies

Mathematics and mechanics

Scaleable multiscale patterning technology

Bae et al. (2014)

Multiscale, hierarchical patterned surfaces (butterfly wings, gecko lizards)

Advanced materials

Lessons for human organizations

Fewell (2015)

Social behaviour of insects

Social dynamics and complexity

Optimization of technical pumping systems

Bach, Schmich, Masselter, and Speck (2015)

Natural pumping techniques

Materials and biomechanics

A model of bio-inspiration for creative design

Salgueiredo and Hatchuel (2016)

Bioinspired design

Concept-knowledge design

A new way of thinking and acting ecologically

Blok and Gremmen (2016)

Biomimicry

Social sciences

Actuators for robotics

Hu et al. (2017)

Human’s flick finger behaviour

Nanosciences

Anti-corrosion/erosion surfaces

Zhang et al. (2017)

Desert scorpion (its micro-structure)

Surfaces in motion