Attitude toward entrepreneurship, perceived behavioral control, and entrepreneurial intention: dimensionality, structural relationships, and gender differences

Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship

A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 6 Reliabilities, average variances extracted, and interrelations among attitude, perceived behavioral control, and intention

Construct	α	AVE	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
Attitude
1. Instrumental attitude	0.82	0.70	(0.83)
2. Affective attitude	0.86	0.68	0.75	(0.82)
Perceived behavioral control
3. Perceived self-efficacy	0.93	0.70	0.53	0.58	(0.84)
4. Perceived controllability	0.81	0.60	0.48	0.54	0.85	(0.77)
Intention
5. Choice intention	0.86	0.57	0.67	0.75	0.63	0.57	(0.76)
6. Commitment to entrepreneurship	0.95	0.76	0.57	0.72	0.59	0.52	0.69	(0.87)
7. Nascent entrepreneurship	0.88	0.58	0.43	0.48	0.43	0.40	0.47	0.55	(0.76)

SD standard deviation, α Cronbach’s alpha, AVE average variances extracted. Numbers within parentheses are the square roots of the AVEs. All correlations are significant at 0.001 level (two-tailed)