A Systems View Across Time and Space
Table 2 Overall fit indicators for the conceptual model
Index | Normal limit | Observed value |
|---|---|---|
DF | Larger than zero | 261 |
Ratio of \({x}^{2}\) to df | Between 2 and 5 | 3.153 |
Goodness of fit (GFI) | 0.9 and larger | 0.941 |
Normed Fitness Index (NFI) | 0.9 and larger | 0.925 |
Non-Normed Fitness Index (NNFI) | 0.9 and larger | 0.950 |
Incremental Fit Index (IFI) | 0.9 and larger | 0.963 |
Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) | Below 0.05 | 0.027 |
p-value | Below 0.05 | 0.124 |
PNFI | Below 0.05 | 0.580 |