Table 2 Theoretical background/support for scale items, variables, and constructs
| Item description | Theoretical background |
|---|---|
| Construct/variable: faculty entrepreneurial orientation (FEO) | |
| Innovativeness—6 items |
Farrukh et. al. (2017)—4 items De Jong et. al. (2015)—2 items |
| Risk-taking—6 items |
Farrukh et. al. (2017)—3 items De Jong et. al. (2015)—3 items |
| Proactivity—3 items | De Jong et. al. (2015) |