A Systems View Across Time and Space
Main finding | Authors |
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Enset yield | |
 Enset provides about 50.3 kg (involving 27 kg Kocho, 23 kg amicho, and 1 kg bulla) per plant per annum | Borrell et al. (2019) |
 Eatable dry weight and energy of enset, by far exceeds any crops produced in the country | Tsegayei and Struik (2001) |
 Enset provides up to 4000 cal or 20 folds of calories generated by cereal per square meter per year | Christensen Fund (2014) |
Inputs-cost advantages of enset production | |
 Enset needs a little cost of production (about $50) when compared to different crops | Christensen Fund (2014) |
 It offers food security with little cost | |
Good farm practices | |
 Enset corm multiplication requires 2–3-year-old mother plant with a 10–35 cm corm diameter, the pseudostem cut at 10–30 cm above the ground, and half corm pieces for optimum growth, and yield | Bezuneh and Feleke (1996), Diro et al. (1999), Yemataw et al. (2014) |
 From January to June is the suitable period of planting corms for good establishment and successive growth of suckers | |
 With a final of 4 m2 spacing is appropriate for optimum vegetative growth, and yield | |
 Direct transplanting is recommended for early yield, but recurrent transplanting will result in a higher yield per plant | Tsegaye and Struik (2000) |
 Once equilibrium (planting equals to harvesting) has been attained, annual yields will be higher for twice transplanting related to once transplanted | |
 The optimal moment to harvest is at inflorescence emergence for highest dry matter yield | |
 5–10 kg of farmyard manure application per plant per year leads to better vegetative growth and yield with an early maturity time of about 2 years | |
High yielding and early maturing enset’s varieties | |
 The early maturing varieties complete their full maturation period within 3–4 years, and these involve, Yanbule, Gewada, and Endale | |
 The late maturing varieties needs 4–5 year maturation, and these include, Kelisa, Zerita, and Mesena | |
 The high-yielding varieties of enset for kocho production provides up to sevenfolds of kocho when compared to national average yield per hectare per year | |
 Chohot, Ashakit, Bose, and Gazner are superior corm yield varieties and provides 20 to 23 tons of corm per ha per year | |
Enset protection | |
 Among all, bacterial wilt (EBW), caused by Xanthomonas ampestris pv. musacearum (Xcm) is the most destructive diseases happening in all enset growing areas. of Ethiopia | |
 Gudiro, Maziya, and Nobo enset were found to be a tolerant reaction to EBW, whereas clones Arkia, Ataro, Yeko, Chikaro, and Ogisso were the most susceptible enset clones | Haile et al. (2020) |
 EBW can be prevented by disinfecting enset-cutting tools, preventing animals from browsing and removal of infected plants, and use of disease-free suckers for propagation | Borrell et al. (2019) |
Improved technologies | |
 Enset App (mobile based application) has a potential to advance enset farm management advice through delivering information on best farm practices, crop protection, landraces optimally matched to local climates | Wilkin (2021) |
 The improved enset scraper, and squeezer cut down women’s workload, and modified labor division trends, and enhanced income for processed enset | Tiruneh (2020) |
 The enset fermenting box technology reduced the duration of fermentation and women’s workload, and improved the quality of fermented enset | Tefera et al. (2019) |
Enset foods for nutritional food security improvement | |
 The types of traditional food products resulting from enset are reported to exceed 20 | Workneh and Satheesh (2019) |
 Enset is rich in carbohydrates and improves the food security for an estimated 20 million people | |
 Among the common foods items resulting from enset, kocho and bulla are superior energy sources and Kocho provides 400 kcal/100 g energy | Bosha et al. (2016) |
 Bulla and amicho provide about 395 kcal/100 g and 333 kcal/100 g energy, respectively | |
 Kocho and amicho are populous for cholesterol regulation | Workneh and Satheesh (2019) |
 An enset-based diet contributes to a pregnant woman’s and infant’s nutritional improvements through minimizing the risk of vitamin B-12 deficit | Gibson et al. (2008) |
 Given the conducive adaptability of enset to different agro-ecologies, it has the potential to expand elsewhere in Southern and East Africa and guarantee smallholders’ food security | Borrell et al. (2020) |
Enset for environmental sustainability | |
 Enset production is considered as best suited to environmental sustainability and agroforestry systems, since it grows friendly with coffee, vegetables, fruits, root and tuber crops, cereals and different types of trees, and maintains soils without any chemical application and zero tillage | Abebe (2018) |
 It is possibly vital as a climate-smart crop for the future because of its apparent capability to endure long periods (more than 5 years) of drought | Wilkin (2021) |
 Enset has the potential to support many other LMICs in Africa and can help challenge of the SDGs | Wilkin (2021) |
Alternative benefits of enset | |
 Enset is an imperative animal fodder particularly during dry seasons due to its high-water content, and its leaves contains 13% protein (the highest protein concentration fodder existing in Ethiopia), 20% crude fiber, and 10% sugar | Mohammed et al. (2013) |
 Some enset landraces, such as sweetie and tayo, are largely used for curative for a person suffering from bone-related problems | |
 Bulla is consumed by a mother who is born baby for strengthening and immediate return to normal health | Daba and Shigeta (2016) |
 The starch from enset has a crucial function in numerous industrial processes, such as food, pharmaceuticals, cloth, paper, and adhesives products | Gebre-Mariam (2016) |
 The high-quality fiber of enset can be used for the production of specialty papers, such as currency notes, and tea bags, that require durable fibers | Gessesse (2016) |
 Fiber obtained from the pseudostem and leaves, is used to make sacks, ropes, sieves, and mats | Borrell et al. (2020) |
 The leaf sheath, petioles, and midrib of enset are used for mulching, compost preparation, packaging, fire fuel, houses, and fencing construction | Borrell et al. (2020) |