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A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 1 Description of variables (as per GEM)

From: What drives internationalization of new ventures? Evidence from India

Variables

Description

Dependent variable

 Firm’s internationalization

What proportion of your customers are from outside your country?

1 = None; 2 = Between 1 and 25%; 3 = Between 26 and 75%; 4 = 76% or more

 Education

What is your educational qualification?

No education, primary education, secondary education, higher secondary, and graduation or higher

 Age

Measured by asking a question, how old you are?

 

 Technology

How long has the technology or procedures necessary to produce the product or service of your business been available?

1 = Less than a year; 2 = Between 1 and 5 years; 3 = More than 5 years

 Fear of failure

Fear of failure would be a brake for you if you had to launch a business

If, Yes = 1

No = 0

 Competition

At the moment, are there many, few, or no businesses offering the same services or products to potential customers?

1 = Many competitors; 2 = Few competitors; 3 = No competitors