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A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 8 Rankings of UIC input and output indicators over the period of three years (2015–2018)

From: Factors impacting university–industry collaboration in European countries

Country

IFF

IHF

IIF

ILF

OII

Albania

32

33

32

33

32

Austria

8

7

5

3

8

Belgium

11

5

9

4

12

Bosnia and Herzegovina

33

32

33

32

33

Bulgaria

27

25

28

23

26

Croatia

26

24

25

26

28

Cyprus

19

27

21

25

25

Czech Republic

15

15

13

16

19

Denmark

2

1

2

6

5

Estonia

14

13

12

17

15

Finland

7

2

1

2

1

France

Germany

6

5

8

4

14

3

9

1

7

2

Greece

24

26

29

31

31

Hungary

25

16

23

18

22

Ireland

10

9

7

8

14

Italy

17

20

24

11

16

Latvia

22

22

22

30

24

Lithuania

18

19

15

24

21

Luxemburg

1

6

6

12

3

Malta

12

17

16

15

10

Montenegro

31

29

31

28

29

The Netherlands

4

3

4

5

4

North Macedonia

30

30

27

22

20

Poland

23

18

19

21

18

Portugal

21

23

20

20

17

Romania

28

31

30

27

30

Serbia

29

28

26

29

27

Slovakia

20

21

18

19

23

Slovenia

16

12

17

14

13

Spain

9

14

11

13

11

Sweden

13

11

10

10

6

United Kingdom

3

10

8

7

9