A Systems View Across Time and Space
From: Factors impacting university–industry collaboration in European countries
Country | IFF | IHF | IIF | ILF | OII |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Albania | 32 | 33 | 32 | 33 | 32 |
Austria | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 8 |
Belgium | 11 | 5 | 9 | 4 | 12 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | 33 | 32 | 33 | 32 | 33 |
Bulgaria | 27 | 25 | 28 | 23 | 26 |
Croatia | 26 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 28 |
Cyprus | 19 | 27 | 21 | 25 | 25 |
Czech Republic | 15 | 15 | 13 | 16 | 19 |
Denmark | 2 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 5 |
Estonia | 14 | 13 | 12 | 17 | 15 |
Finland | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
France Germany | 6 5 | 8 4 | 14 3 | 9 1 | 7 2 |
Greece | 24 | 26 | 29 | 31 | 31 |
Hungary | 25 | 16 | 23 | 18 | 22 |
Ireland | 10 | 9 | 7 | 8 | 14 |
Italy | 17 | 20 | 24 | 11 | 16 |
Latvia | 22 | 22 | 22 | 30 | 24 |
Lithuania | 18 | 19 | 15 | 24 | 21 |
Luxemburg | 1 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 3 |
Malta | 12 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 10 |
Montenegro | 31 | 29 | 31 | 28 | 29 |
The Netherlands | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 4 |
North Macedonia | 30 | 30 | 27 | 22 | 20 |
Poland | 23 | 18 | 19 | 21 | 18 |
Portugal | 21 | 23 | 20 | 20 | 17 |
Romania | 28 | 31 | 30 | 27 | 30 |
Serbia | 29 | 28 | 26 | 29 | 27 |
Slovakia | 20 | 21 | 18 | 19 | 23 |
Slovenia | 16 | 12 | 17 | 14 | 13 |
Spain | 9 | 14 | 11 | 13 | 11 |
Sweden | 13 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 6 |
United Kingdom | 3 | 10 | 8 | 7 | 9 |