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A Systems View Across Time and Space

Table 8 O r , c and E r , c for the study of the annual turnover of commercial companies in regions A and B

From: Assisting regional policy by rapidly comparing enterprise innovation between regions

 

O r,c

E r,c

O r , c - E r , c 2 E r , c

r = 1

   

c = 1

2

1.6398

0.0791

c = 2

25

32.7950

1.8528

c = 3

141

139.3789

0.0189

c = 4

87

79.5280

0.7020

c = 5

9

10.6584

0.2580

r = 2

   

c = 1

0

0.36025

0.3602

c = 2

15

7.2050

8.4334

c = 3

29

30.6211

0.0858

c = 4

10

17.4720

3.1955

c = 5

4

2.3416

1.1745