A Systems View Across Time and Space
Table 3 Change in innovative efforts between 2012 and 2015 (n = 46)
From: Response to the global financial crisis: a follow-up study
| Â | Mean | SD | Mean diff. | Std. error diff. | Sig. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Developing new foreign markets, 2012 | 3.33 | 0.81 | 0.30 | 1.25 | 0.12 |
Developing new foreign markets, 2015 | 3.02 | 0.91 | |||
Developing new domestic markets, 2012 | 4.22 | 0.90 | 0.00 | 1.04 | 1.00 |
Developing new domestic markets, 2015 | 4.22 | 0.80 | |||
Investing in promotion/advertising, 2012 | 3.16 | 0.85 | − 0.27 | 1.10 | 0.11 |
Investing in promotion/advertising, 2015 | 3.42 | 0.84 | |||
Investing in sales, 2012 | 3.43 | 0.73 | − 0.18 | 1.08 | 0.27 |
Investing in sales, 2015 | 3.61 | 0.81 | |||
Developing new products, 2012 | 3.91 | 0.85 | 0.09 | 0.97 | 0.54 |
Developing new products, 2015 | 3.82 | 0.86 | |||
Being more flexible with production, 2012 | 4.31 | 0.67 | 0.31 | 0.93 | 0.03 |
Being more flexible with production, 2015 | 4.00 | 0.60 | |||
Aggressiveness of business tactics/practices, 2012 | 4.11 | 0.71 | 0.38 | 0.89 | 0.01 |
Aggressiveness of business tactics/practices, 2015 | 3.73 | 0.75 | |||
Acquisition of competing companies, 2012 | 2.97 | 0.74 | − 0.05 | 1.03 | 0.76 |
Acquisition of competing companies, 2015 | 3.03 | 0.81 | |||
Investing in customer relationships, 2012 | 4.16 | 0.71 | 0.06 | 0.90 | 0.25 |
Investing in customer relationships, 2015 | 4.00 | 0.71 |