Table 9 Innovation and productivity

 1 (= Process/Product)

0.3***

0.3***

(0.0588)

(0.0613)

 2 (= Process × Product)

0.3***

0.3***

(0.0580)

(0.0616)

Process (1 = yes)

0.3***

0.3***

(0.0514)

(0.0544)

Product (1 = yes)

0.2***

0.2***

(0.0478)

(0.0503)

Retained

0.01

0.008

− 0.002

− 0.02

− 0.03

− 0.03

(0.0699)

(0.0705)

(0.0700)

(0.0731)

(0.0735)

(0.0733)

 Medium

0.2***

0.2***

0.3***

0.2***

0.2***

0.2***

(0.0506)

(0.0508)

(0.0508)

(0.0530)

(0.0532)

(0.0533)

 Large

0.6***

0.6***

0.7***

0.6***

0.6***

0.6***

(0.0698)

(0.0701)

(0.0702)

(0.0732)

(0.0734)

(0.0735)

lnAge

0.1***

0.1***

0.1***

0.1***

0.1***

0.1***

(0.0321)

(0.0325)

(0.0325)

(0.0331)

(0.0336)

(0.0335)

lnMexperience

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

0.05

(0.0346)

(0.0350)

(0.0349)

(0.0356)

(0.0360)

(0.0359)

Foreign (1 = yes)

0.4***

0.4***

0.4***

0.4***

0.4***

0.4***

(0.0650)

(0.0657)

(0.0654)

(0.0677)

(0.0685)

(0.0680)

Government (1 = yes)

− 0.7***

− 0.7***

− 0.7***

− 0.6***

− 0.7***

− 0.7***

(0.128)

(0.131)

(0.129)

(0.134)

(0.137)

(0.135)

Millioncity (1 = yes)

0.3***

0.3***

0.3***

0.3***

0.3***

0.3***

(0.0510)

(0.0513)

(0.0512)

(0.0526)

(0.0529)

(0.0528)

Exporting (1 = yes)

0.1*

0.1*

0.1*

0.1*

0.1*

0.1*

(0.0565)

(0.0569)

(0.0565)

(0.0588)

(0.0591)

(0.0588)

Electricity

− 0.07

− 0.07

− 0.06

(0.0529)

(0.0530)

(0.0532)

Bureaucracy

− 0.0007

− 0.0005

− 0.0004

(0.000949)

(0.000951)

(0.000954)

Bribe

− 0.008⁺

− 0.007⁺

− 0.008⁺

(0.00399)

(0.00404)

(0.00403)

Competition (1 = yes)

− 0.06

− 0.06

− 0.06

(0.0464)

(0.0467)

(0.0465)

Country fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

ISIC fixed effects

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Constant

8.4***

8.5***

8.5***

8.6***

8.6***

8.7***

(0.132)

(0.133)

(0.131)

(0.146)

(0.147)

(0.146)

N

5889

5824

5865

5442

5386

5423

R ²

0.397

0.396

0.393

0.399

0.398

0.395

Adj. R²

0.391

0.390

0.388

0.392

0.391

0.389