Table 4 Previous studies that use technology, organization, environment, vendor, and owner factors

Technology (T)

Pool of internal and external technologies that are useful to the firm

Relative advantage (Martins et al., 2016; Safari et al., 2015; Yang et al., 2015)

– Complexity (Kung et al., 2015; Martins et al., 2016; Safari et al., 2015)

– Perceived benefit (Cho & Chan, 2015; Kurnia et al., 2015; Seethamraju, 2015)

– Experienceability and trialability (Safari et al., 2015; Yang et al., 2015)

– Compatibility (Safari et al., 2015; Yang et al., 2015)

– Perceived risk (Cho & Chan, 2015)

– Cost savings (Martins et al., 2016)

– Simplicity (Yang et al., 2015)

– Configurability (Seethamraju, 2015)

– Observability (Safari et al., 2015)

– Security and privacy (Safari et al., 2015)

Organization (O)

Key resources and nature of business

– Top management support (Cho & Chan, 2015; Martins et al., 2016; Van de Weerd et al., 2016; Yang et al., 2015)

– Change management ability (Seethamraju, 2015)

– Sharing and collaboration culture (Safari et al., 2015)

– Organizational readiness (Van de Weerd et al., 2016)

– Perceived organization resources and governance (Kurnia et al., 2015)

– Technology competence (Martins et al., 2016)

– IT readiness (Seethamraju, 2015)

– IT infrastructure (Yang et al., 2015)

– IT resource (Safari et al., 2015)

– Gap in IT capabilities (Cho & Chan, 2015)

– Business software fit (Seethamraju, 2015)

– Sales volume of SMEs (Nair et al., 2019)

– Business characteristics (Martínez-Román & Romero, 2017)

Environment (E)

Pressures and supports that exist in the business field

– Competitive pressure (Cho & Chan, 2015; Safari et al., 2015)

– Normative pressure (Kung et al., 2015; Martins et al., 2016)

– Mimetic pressure (Kung et al., 2015)

– Coercive pressures (Martins et al., 2016)

– Pressure from customers (Nair et al., 2019)

– Competitor pressure (Yang et al., 2015)

– Partner pressure (Yang et al., 2015)

– Social influence (Safari et al., 2015)

– Perceived environmental pressure (Kurnia et al., 2015)

Vendor (V)

Organization that offers Cloud–SaaS and IT/IS for SMEs

– Support and service quality (Cho & Chan, 2015; Seethamraju, 2015)

– Perceived supporting services (Kurnia et al., 2015)

– Reputation (Seethamraju, 2015)

– Co-creation of value (Seethamraju, 2015)

Owner (O)

Individual who owns and operates an SME business

– Owners' IT ability and knowledge (Nair et al., 2019; R. Rahayu & Day, 2015; Taiminen & Karjaluoto, 2015)

– Owners' innovativeness (R. Rahayu & Day, 2015; Ramayah et al., 2016)

– Owners' IT attitude (Nair et al., 2019; Ramayah et al., 2016)

– Owners' attitude toward change (Alharbi et al., 2016)

– Attitude of management toward ownership and control (Cho & Chan, 2015)

– Owners' perception (Al-Bakri & Katsioloudes, 2015)

– Owners' IT experience (R. Rahayu & Day, 2015)

– Owners' age (Nair et al., 2019)

– Owners' personal characteristics (Martínez-Román & Romero, 2017)