A Systems View Across Time and Space
Table 5 Total, total indirect, and specific indirect effects
Type | Relationship | beta | t-value | p-value | 95% bias-corrected confidence interval | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.5% | 2.97% | |||||
Total effects | Technology transfer >>>>>> product quality | 0.624 | 19.239 | 0.000 | 0.558 | 0.686 |
|  | Product quality >>>>>> competitiveness | 0.321 | 6.200 | 0.000 | 0.217 | 0.422 |
|  | Technology transfer >>>>>>> competitiveness | 0.356 | 8.132 | 0.000 | 0.272 | 0.445 |
|  | Control variables >>>>>>>>> competitiveness | 0.472 | 12.893 | 0.000 | 0.390 | 0.530 |
Total indirect effects | Technology transfer >>>>>>> competitiveness | 0.200 | 5.695 | 0.000 | 0.134 | 0.272 |
Specific indirect effects | Technology transfer >>> product quality >>> competitiveness | 0.200 | 5.693 | 0.000 | 0.134 | 0.272 |