Table 2 Entrepreneurship Psychological Readiness (EPR) Instrument’s Final Items and Eight-factor Structure Following the EFA procedure

Factor 1: Personal Knowledge

 1. Getting the complete information before making a decision to open a business

0.467

 2. It is important for me to study the current market potential

0.623

 3. It is important for me to learn the potential of self-competence

0.667

 4. It is important for me to make a business plan

0.716

 5. It is important for me to make a survival plan so that it is properly implemented

0.791

 6. It is important for me to create a good and accurate financial plan for business continuity

0.796

 7. For me, business allocation analysis is important

0.769

 8. For me, suggestions and recommendations are essential

0.739

 9. A clear analysis of fund channels is required

0.754

 10. It’s important to study the product/service innovations offered in order to make the right decisions

0.684

Factor 2: Personal Adversity

 11. I maintain close relationships with people I care about

0.486

 12. I prefer roles and responsibilities that are obvious

0.414

 13. Stay positive even when facing challenges

0.580

 14. When an problem arises, find a resolution immediately

0.545

 15. Gather all the pertinent information, before doing any judgments

0.512

 16. I enjoy any activity I engage in

0.630

 17. Confident with my abilities

0.663

 18. Performing the obligations I’ve taken on

0.650

 19. Having self-control in every aspects of my life

0.642

 20. I typically bounce back from setbacks fast and effortlessly

0.581

 21. Tend to have a great aspirations in my life

0.607

 22. Taking difficult situations as challenges and opportunities in demanding my capabilities

0.662

 23. Consistent with my goals

0.644

Factor 3: Committed Certain Action

 24. I have business creation, management, and/or management-related talents

0.477

 25. I have fundamental experience in business management

0.531

 26. I’ve started my own business/with other people

0.643

 27. I have taken on the role of an impromptu investor by lending money to others to launch their businesses

0.831

 28. The bureaucratic step in starting a business is my challenge as a business actor/entrepreneur

0.722

 29. I have performed as intrapreneur (business within an organization, office, or school)

0.755

 30. I perform as an investor who disburses funds to others without taking part in its management

0.811

 31. Improve management abilities to simplify my business’s path

0.591

Factor 4: Willingness to Learn

 32. In terms of finances, I rely on my skills

0.435

 33. Become an entrepreneur/business actor as a career

0.654

 34. I am confident in my abilities as an business actor and entrepreneur

0.669

 35. The business idea that I develop comes from my own knowledge and capacity

0.699

 36. Activities and business ideas come from observing the environment around me

0.716

 37. The business activity that I want to develop is the result of observing market needs

0.647

 38. Based on market observations, I predict products/services that can be improved by innovation

0.650

 39. I intend to start a business initiative

0.573

Factor 5: Personal Relationship to Others

 40. Opportunity to influence others

0.686

 41. Be able to take actions that significantly affect other persons

0.599

 42. I stay in close contact with those I actually value

0.536

 43. I take on a leadership role so that others can accomplish their goals

0.559

 44. I am aware of other people’s expectations of me

0.584

 45. I seize the opportunity to influence how communities make decisions

0.511

 46. I took the opportunity to be part of the team

0.448

 47. I’m sure that many people currently value me

0.520

Factor 6: Personal Growth

 48. I appreciate having close, amicable, and cooperative relationships with people

0.555

 49. I have the opportunity to develop myself

0.586

 50. Enjoy the chance to assign more difficult and demanding duties and goals

0.552

 51. Enjoy the freedom and opportunity to talk and socialize with others

0.708

 52. Have goals and novelties that are sustainable, highly motivated, and challenging

0.657

 53. Opportunity to create something new

0.494

Factor 7: Passion Achieved

 54. I decide to act in this way because I want to

0.756

 55. I am happy with the choice I made and how things have turned out thus far

0.796

 56. I have realized myself regarding the current situation

0.692

Factor 8: Related Person Support

 57. In my close family there are entrepreneurs

0.709

 58. Some of my close friends/colleagues are entrepreneurs

0.753

 59. I admire a well-known businessman

0.578