A Systems View Across Time and Space
Table 3 Drivers of KTT deducted TC: (a) economic-, (b) personal-, (c) structural-, and (d) spatial drivers as well as (e) data accessibility
From: Knowledge and technology transfer in and beyond mineral exploration
TC | SC | FQ | Exemplary statement |
|---|---|---|---|
a | Market opportunities | 5 | “Diversification by companies with industrial applications and the reduction of risks is of true value.” (I) |
Competition | 3 | “Transfer result from competition between companies with comparable systems or technologies. In both cases, if the end-user can make use of this scenario, it adds value.” (I) | |
Expected cost savings | 3 | “Use of new technology if recognition in a specific field and low costs of technology can compensate for missing proof of concept.” (R) “With innovative technologies more applications mean more body of evidence, economies of scale that decrease costs.” (C) | |
b | Mindset | 10 | “We are opening our minds and starting looking at other disciplines.” (I) “First the transfer of questions happens; second the transfer of knowledge. ” (R) |
Network | 7 | “You have to know a lot of people across different industries and know their language; You understand these different institutions, not just from an abstract perspective.” (I) “Personal scientific and Interdisciplinary networks.” (R) | |
Evolution | 5 | “What we do today is the basis for the future.” (I) “The technological environment is accelerating at a rate that we may not even realize.” (R) | |
c | Interdisciplinary education | 5 | “Experience, understanding of literature and demands across fields are required.” (R) “It’s challenging to get everything together. Your knowledge needs to be deep and wide. You need to speak the language of others. You don’t need to be an expert everywhere.” (I) |
Industry/ research dialogue | 5 | “Technology transfers happen through technology application and feedback.” (R) “Discussion of problems between scientists and industry and possible collaboration.” (C) | |
d | Regional proximity | 3 | “Exchange in close proximity is more fluid.” (I) “It is beneficial to be next to each other and to know each other’s technologies, requirements and capabilities.” (I) |
e | Open access | 3 | “The code and data sets are published for free to make transfers possible.” (R) “Proprietary technology really is losing out from collectively developed open-source technology. You do not have to deal with the licensing issues. It runs everywhere. It runs on different platforms.” (I) |
Ease of data sharing/www | 6 | “Putting work completely online, e.g., on GitHub.” (R) “Worldwide people work with open-source software, improve things gradually and build huge libraries.’ (I) |