Table 6 Results of additional OLRs on the dependent variable innovativeness

Independent variables:

 Environmental orientation

0.900***

0.128

1.031***

0.131

0.951***

0.223

1.400***

0.155

0.650***

0.137

Control variables:

 Growth orientation

0.337***

0.030

0.234***

0.032

0.252***

0.047

0.242***

0.034

0.300***

0.036

 International orientation

0.198***

0.031

0.240***

0.034

0.326***

0.053

0.121***

0.038

0.261***

0.035

 Gender: male

− 0.149***

0.054

− 0.140**

0.054

− 0.095

0.074

− 0.235***

0.061

− 0.071

0.066

 Gender: female^a

 Age

0.000

0.002

− 0.001

0.002

0.003

0.003

− 0.003

0.003

− 0.002

0.003

 Education: post-secondary

0.176**

0.073

0.396***

0.071

0.501***

0.118

0.060

0.081

0.332***

0.097

 Education: secondary

0.074

0.068

0.480***

0.068

0.590***

0.086

0.034

0.075

0.193*

0.103

 Education: none / some secondary^a

 Network: yes

0.040

0.055

0.044

0.055

− 0.142*

0.077

0.157**

0.064

0.023

0.065

 Network: no^a

 Entrepreneurial skill: yes

− 0.070

0.078

− 0.129*

0.078

− 0.139

0.103

− 0.094

0.086

0.074

0.101

 Entrepreneurial skill: no^a

 Entrepreneurial stage: new

− 0.423***

0.079

− 0.404***

0.061

− 0.359***

0.064

 Entrepreneurial stage: nascent^a

 Entrepreneurial motivation: opport

0.185***

0.060

0.327***

0.060

0.422***

0.081

0.163**

0.065

0.265***

0.081

 Entrepreneurial motivation: necess.^a

 Fear of failure: yes

0.063

0.059

− 0.062

0.059

0.325***

0.080

− 0.130*

0.068

− 0.046

0.072

 Fear of failure: no^a

 GDP per capita

− 0.081***

0.016

− 0.105***

0.017

0.020

0.097

0.428***

0.097

− 0.010

0.024

 Population growth

0.044***

0.016

0.019

0.016

0.097**

0.042

0.107***

0.028

0.026*

0.014

 Goodness-of-fit:

 Pseudo (McFadden) R2

0.021

0.021

0.050

0.027

0.029

 LR Chi2

353***

350***

415***

329***

324***

Test of parallel lines:

 LR Chi2

264***

60.3***

43.0

72.1

80.8

Observations:

 Total

4778

4794

2510

3662

3400